Guidelines for making the most of your people

Performance and Development Review (Appraisal)

As a business owner, you already know the importance of recruiting capable staff and providing the employees with the training and tools necessary to do their jobs. To ensure they're performing to your expectations calls for you to conduct regular reviews of their work product, efficiency and attitude over the course of their employment.

This workplace equivalent of a report card benefits leaders and employees by identifying how to bring out their respective best.

What should a performance system involve?

  • Reviewing performance, by recognising formally what the individual has achieved during the appraisal period and by providing constructive feedback.
  • Reviewing training and development over the period. Was it successful? Were the objectives met? How has this impacted on performance? How has it contributed to achieving the business objectives?
  • Identifying gaps in knowledge and skills, discussing career aspirations and agreeing a forward plan.
  • Checking that the job description (if relevant) is still accurate and adjusting if needed.
  • Agreeing new work objectives of the period ahead and in line with goals.
  • Agree and plan any learning and development that is needed to deliver agreed work objectives.

There are three main stages:

  1. Preparation. Individuals should assess their own achievements, identify performance gaps and improvements and consider future objectives. Managers should carry out similar preparation and should gather evidence so that they can provide examples to support the feedback they plan to give.
  2. Discuss. This is a constructive discussion of the evidence. It should include recognising god aspects of performance, analysing any reasons for poor performance and identifying areas for improvement. The aim is to reach an agreed set of objectives for work and personal development.
  3. Follow up. The outcomes of the discussion – in particular what has been agreed regarding future objectives, performance and development – should be documented as a point of reference that can be monitored on an on-going basis.

In practice, work doesn’t fall into neatly packaged timeslots and managers should plan and review work on an on-going basis with their staff. Good managers also give feedback when relevant, rather than save it up for an appraisal or review. There should therefore, be no surprises during review discussion. It should be a motivating experience with the focus on providing recognition and constructive feedback and on finding out what the individual thinks and wants to do.

What documentation do you need?

Aim to keep the documentation as simple as possible. Its key purpose should be to:

  • Help the line manager and individual prepare for the appraisal/review discussion
  • Provide an agenda for the appraisal discussion
  • Capture the agreed outcomes regarding future objectives, performance and development
  • Review/appraisal form or job chat form to record outcomes and signature of approval from appraisee and appraiser

Here are some approaches to individual reviews that you might like to consider:

Marsham Court Hotel example invitation to a review meeting

Marsham Court Hotel appraisal example

Example ‘light’ review – Job Chat

Example review/appraisal

How can you make sure it is effective?

The appraisal/review system needs to add value to the organisation and the individuals who use it. Here are some tips:

  • Provide guidance on the system to both appraisers and appraisees, and train them in the skills of appraisals/reviews
  • Use the outputs from the appraisal process to support strategic planning. What are the trends? What do they tell you about employee motivations and achievement? How skilled are the workforce and where are the gaps.
  • What progression routes are available for those employees with potential. Are you getting the best return on your investment on people development

Visit ACAS for detailed guidance on managing performance.

Promotion

Performance assessments provide a look at how and what a person is doing compared with earlier reviews of their skill sets, knowledge, initiative and participation in the company vision.

This record reflects whether an employee is prepared to assume greater responsibility. If, for example, multiple candidates are vying for promotion, but there's only one slot to fill, a leader must justify his choice by pointing to specific examples of outstanding achievement and professional readiness.

Recognition and Reward

Employers want to feel they're getting their money's worth just as much as people want to see better pay with each year of loyal service. While few jobs now have across-the-board rises private employers base compensation decisions on individual merit and the company's financial performance.

Performance reviews can be used to assess whether an employee deserves an increase based on achievement and accrued seniority as well as whether a lump sum bonus is appropriate for solving problems and attracting new business.

Training Needs

If an employee is struggling with tasks or lagging behind quotas, the problem could be the quality of training he received. Ignoring skill deficiencies can jeopardise a company's attainment of its goals.

A performance review that reveals the need for training or development also defines a time line to revisit the person's progress. It's likewise a means for employees to request development to groom them for additional responsibilities.

When leaders demonstrates a commitment to help employees to do their best, it doesn't just contribute to company morale--it also elevates individual self-esteem.

According to leading HR expert Donald Kirkpatrick in "Improving Employee Performance Through Appraisal and Coaching," a leader's role in performance reviews is akin to a sports coach in recognising her team can't win unless every player can perform in peak condition.

Disciplinary Action

In a perfect world, every employee would be hard-working, reliable, honest and enthusiastic to excel. Not everyone, however, may be as wedded to your own expectations of commitment and success.

Performance reviews constitute a legitimate paper trail in administrative and legal proceedings to prove employee under performance. If these strategies fail though there needs to be a structured disciplinary process in place.

ACAS is a good source of information for a fair disciplinary process. ACAS Disciplinary Process

Career Goals

Although a performance review’s primary goal is to gauge whether a person is a good fit for that company, it serves a larger purpose of helping individuals determine if they've chosen the right career paths.

The feedback a worker receives regarding strengths and weaknesses is invaluable in charting a future course in which the company and worker can put her interests and talents to the best use.

Techniques in managing individual performance

Managing employees’ performance is a continuous process. It involves making sure that the performance of employees contributes to the goals of their teams and the business as a whole. It is also a mechanism for reviewing peoples performance and identifying what development or support they need to be successful in their role. The aim is to continuously improve the performance of individuals and that of the organisation.

Good performance management helps everyone in the organisation to know:

  • what the business is trying to achieve
  • how they contribute in helping the business achieve its business goals
  • the skills and competences they need to fulfil their role
  • the standards of performance required
  • how they can develop their performance and contribute to the development of the organisation
  • how they are doing in their role
  • when there are performance problems and what to do about them

These basic principles apply to firms of all sizes. Even small firms can benefit from having a straightforward system to manage performance. Systems do not need to involve a lot of paperwork – the most simplest system can be effective.

Where a performance management system is working well employees are more likely to engage with the goals of the business.

Develop your system to meet your needs, smaller or family owned organisations may adapt a ‘job chat’ as a more simple approach.